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rewrite regex replacement [flag];

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server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;

    location / {
        rewrite /old/(.*) /new/$1 last;
    }
}

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server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;

    location / {
        if ($request_uri ~* .html$) {
            rewrite ^(.*).html$ $1.php last;
        }
    }
}

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server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;

    location / {
        if ($request_uri ~* /category1/) {
            rewrite ^/category1/(.*) /newcategory/$1 last;
        }
        if ($request_uri ~* /category2/) {
            rewrite ^/category2/(.*) /anothercategory/$1 last;
        }
    }
}

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